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''Fahrenheit 9/11'' is a 2004 documentary film by American filmmaker, director and political commentator Michael Moore. The film takes a critical look at the presidency of George W. Bush, the War on Terror, and its coverage in the news media. The film is the highest grossing documentary of all time. In the film, Moore contends that American corporate media were "cheerleaders" for the 2003 invasion of Iraq and did not provide an accurate or objective analysis of the rationale for the war or the resulting casualties there. The film generated intense controversy, including disputes over its accuracy. The film debuted at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival and received a 20-minute standing ovation, among the longest standing ovations in the festival's history. The film was also awarded the Palme d'Or,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fahrenheit 9/11 (Fahrenheit 911) )〕 the festival's highest award. The title of the film alludes to Ray Bradbury's 1953 novel ''Fahrenheit 451'', a dystopian view of the future United States, drawing an analogy between the autoignition temperature of paper and the date of the September 11 attacks; the film's tagline is "The Temperature at Which Freedom Burns". ==Financing, pre-release, and distribution== Originally planned to be financed by Mel Gibson's Icon Productions (which planned to give Michael Moore eight figures in upfront cash and potential backend), ''Fahrenheit 9/11'' was later picked up by Miramax Films and Wild Bunch in May 2003 after Icon Productions had abruptly dropped the financing deal it made. Miramax had earlier distributed another film for Moore, ''The Big One'', in 1997. At that time, Disney was the parent company of Miramax. According to the book ''DisneyWar'', Disney executives did not know that Miramax agreed to finance the film until they saw a posting on the ''Drudge Report''. Michael Eisner (the CEO of Disney at that time) called Harvey Weinstein (co-chairman of Miramax at that time) and ordered him to drop the film. In addition, Disney sent two letters to Weinstein demanding Miramax drop the film. Weinstein felt Disney had no right to block the releasing of ''Fahrenheit 9/11'' since the film's $6 million budget was well below the level that Miramax needed to seek Disney's approval, and it would not be rated NC-17.〔Stewart, p.429-430〕 But Weinstein was in contract negotiations with Disney, so he offered a compromise that he would drop the film if Disney did not like it.〔 Disney responded by having Peter Murphy send Weinstein a letter stating that the film's $6 million budget was only a bridge financing and Miramax would sell off its interest in the movie to get those $6 million back; according to the same letter, Miramax was also expected to publicly state that it would not release the film.〔 After ''Fahrenheit 9/11'' was nearly finished, Miramax held several preview screenings; they were "testing through the roof".〔Stewart, p.519-520〕 Weinstein informed Eisner that ''Fahrenheit 9/11'' was finished, and Eisner was surprised by the fact that Miramax had continued making the film.〔 Weinstein asked several Disney executives (including Eisner) to watch the film, but all declined; Disney stated again that Miramax would not release the film, and Disney also accused Weinstein of hiding ''Fahrenheit 9/11'' by keeping it off production reports.〔 Disney sent production vice president Brad Epstein to watch ''Fahrenheit 9/11'' on April 24, 2004.〔 According to Weinstein, Epstein said he liked the film; but according to the report Epstein sent to the Walt Disney Company board of directors, Epstein clearly criticized it.〔 Eisner told Weinstein that Disney's board decided not to allow Miramax to release the film.〔 Weinstein was furious and he asked George J. Mitchell (chairman of Disney at that time) to see the film, but Mitchell declined.〔 Weinstein asked lawyer David Boies to help find a solution;〔 the Weinsteins and Moore had also hired Chris Lehane to consult on the film's release strategies.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Moore's War; After skewering a sitting president, a Detroit mogul, and a cultural icon, Michael Moore is taking on the health-care industry )〕 ''The New York Times'' reported about Disney's decision on May 5, 2004. Disney stated that both Moore's agent (Ari Emanuel) and Miramax were advised in May 2003 that Miramax would not be permitted to distribute the film. Disney representatives said Disney had the right to veto any Miramax film if it appeared that its distribution would be counterproductive to the interests of the company; indeed, Disney had blocked Miramax from releasing two films before: ''Kids'' and ''Dogma''. Because of these difficulties, distribution was first secured in numerous countries outside the U.S. On May 28, 2004, after more than a week of talks, Disney announced that Miramax film studio founders Harvey and Bob Weinstein had personally acquired the rights to the documentary after Disney declined to distribute it. The Weinsteins agreed to repay Disney for all costs to that point, estimated at around $6 million. They also agreed to be responsible for all costs to finish the film and all marketing costs not paid by any third-party film distributors. A settlement between the Weinsteins and Disney was also reached so that 60% of the film's profit would be donated to charity. The Weinsteins established Fellowship Adventure Group to handle the distribution of this film. Fellowship Adventure Group joined forces with Lions Gate Entertainment (which had released two other Miramax-financed films ''O'' and ''Dogma'') and IFC Films to release it in the United States theatrically. (Fellowship Adventure Group also handled the film's U.S. home video distribution through Columbia TriStar Home Entertainment). Moore stated that he was "grateful to them now that everyone who wants to see it will now have the chance to do so. After being informed that the film had been given an R rating by the Motion Picture Association of America, Moore appealed the decision, hoping to obtain a PG-13 rating instead. Moore's lawyer, former Governor of New York, Mario Cuomo, was not allowed to attend the hearing. The appeal was denied on June 22, 2004, and Cuomo contended that it was because he had been banned from the hearing. Some theaters chose to defy the MPAA and allow unchaperoned teenagers to attend screenings. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fahrenheit 9/11」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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